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Monitoring vital signs is essential for assessing individuals' health status and supporting various medical interventions; however, conventional methods depend on expensive and invasive hospital-based or wearable devices. This article presents a novel approach to contactless heart rate monitoring that leverages an Antenna-on-Package Pulse Coherent Radar (AoP PCR) system. To address the inherently low sampling rates associated with the pulse repetition frequency of the PCR during remote monitoring, a signal enhancement algorithm is presented. This algorithm leverages the quasi-periodic nature of chest displacement signals, leading to significantly improved temporal resolution and enabling reliable heart rate monitoring using a cost-effective PCR system. Furthermore, extracting heartbeat signals faces a significant challenge in optimally tuning the parameters of Variational Modal Decomposition (VMD) due to variations in distance and angle. To tackle this, an enhanced method called VMD based on the Whale Optimization Algorithm with Quasi-Reflection Learning (QRWOA-VMD) has been devised to enhance the precision of parameter optimization in VMD, thereby improving the decomposition accuracy of heartbeat signals across diverse angles and distances, leading to more reliable and robust heartbeat signal extraction. Comprehensive evaluation demonstrates that the proposed method achieves over 97% accuracy in heart rate monitoring under standard conditions, with the radar facing the chest within a 1.5-meter range. Even in challenging scenarios, such as a ±30° azimuth angles and a 20° elevation angle relative to the chest, accuracy remains above 93%. © 2016 IEEE.
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IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics, RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology
ISSN: 2469-7249
Year: 2025
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ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All
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