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Abstract:
Heavy doping critically minimizes depletion region widths for efficient charge transport in organic solar cells (OSCs), yet systematic studies elucidating its underlying mechanisms remain scarce. To address this, two polydopamine-polyoxometalate composites (PDA-PMA and PDA-PMA(N)) are designed via innovative mutual doping pathways. PDA-PMA achieved ultrahigh doping density (1.17 x 1023 cm-3) through H3[P(Mo3O10)4] (PMA) initiated oxidative polymerization of dopamine, where electron transfer simultaneously induced p-doped PDA and n-doped PMA. Remarkably, neutralization with ammonia yielded PDA-PMA(N), which retained even higher doping density (3.74 x 1023 cm-3) via structural rearrangement-driven organic doping. XPS/ESR studies revealed distinct pathways: dual organic/inorganic doping in PDA-PMA versus organic-dominated doping in PDA-PMA(N). This deep doping compressed depletion region widths from 44.42 nm in undoped controls (the blend of PDA and PMA) to 0.052 nm (PDA-PMA(N)), surpassing PEDOT:PSS (0.238 nm) and enabling barrier-free hole transport. Consequently, PBDB-TF:BTP-eC9-based OSCs with PDA-PMA and PDA-PMA(N) achieved exceptional power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 20.02% and 20.29%, respectively. Furthermore, the neutralized PDA-PMA(N) demonstrated superior stability (86.2% PCE retention after 1800 h illumination) by suppressing interfacial corrosion. This work elucidates structure-dependent doping mechanisms and provides a universal strategy for developing high-performance hole transport layers through tailored doping, advancing OSC commercialization.
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ADVANCED MATERIALS
ISSN: 0935-9648
Year: 2025
2 7 . 4 0 0
JCR@2023
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ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All
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30 Days PV: 1