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author:

Zhu, Yu (Zhu, Yu.) [1] | Jiang, Yinghui (Jiang, Yinghui.) [2] | Ye, Lifan (Ye, Lifan.) [3] | Wang, Zichen (Wang, Zichen.) [4] | Wei, Qiliang (Wei, Qiliang.) [5] | Cheng, Niancai (Cheng, Niancai.) [6]

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EI

Abstract:

Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) face commercialization challenges due to sluggish methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) and catalyst poisoning. Pd-based alloy catalysts show promise in alkaline media, but their high cost, poor stability, and CO intermediate toxicity hinder practical applications. Herein, we present a melamine-assisted confinement strategy to construct ultra-small PdZn ordered intermetallic nanoparticles (O-PdZn@MEL/C) with optimized electronic configurations. The carbon shell derived from pyrolyzed melamine imposes spatial constraints that suppress nanoparticle coalescence while enhancing structural stability. Zn incorporation induces d-orbital hybridization, which downshifts the Pd d-band center to weaken CO* adsorption while strengthening OH* binding at Zn sites. The catalyst demonstrates exceptional mass activity (2505.35 mA·mgPd −1 ), 3.65 times higher than that of commercial Pd/C, with a lower onset potential (0.47 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)). Stability tests reveal 94.3% activity retention after 500 cyclic voltammetry (CV) cycles and only 52.5% current density decay during 4000 s operation. This work establishes d-band engineering through ordered intermetallic design as an effective pathway to develop CO-tolerant, high-performance anode catalysts for advanced fuel cells. © The Author(s) 2025. Published by Tsinghua University Press.

Keyword:

Binary alloys Catalyst activity Catalyst poisoning Cyclic voltammetry Methanol Methanol fuels Nanoparticles Oxidation Palladium alloys Stability Ternary alloys Zinc alloys

Community:

  • [ 1 ] [Zhu, Yu]College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China
  • [ 2 ] [Jiang, Yinghui]College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China
  • [ 3 ] [Ye, Lifan]College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China
  • [ 4 ] [Wang, Zichen]College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China
  • [ 5 ] [Wei, Qiliang]Institute of Micro/Nano Materials and Devices, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo; 315211, China
  • [ 6 ] [Cheng, Niancai]College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350108, China

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Source :

Nano Research

ISSN: 1998-0124

Year: 2025

Issue: 8

Volume: 18

9 . 6 0 0

JCR@2023

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ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All

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Chinese Cited Count:

30 Days PV: 0

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