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The poor crystallinity of Sn-alloyed perovskite films and the easy oxidation of Sn2+ are major obstacles to the realization of efficient and stable Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, we propose a metalorganic Sn(II) additive, stannous octoate (SnOct2), to prepare high-quality FA0.8MA0.2Pb0.5Sn0.5I3 films. Through experimental and computational methods, we have demonstrated the existence of a strong coordination interaction between Sn2+ and Oct− ions. This interaction effectively suppresses the oxidation of surface Sn2+ by oxygen. Simultaneously, Oct− ions exhibit a significant passivation effect on inhibiting the formation of iodine vacancies, effectively enhances the grain size, reduces the non-radiative carrier recombination within the device, and ultimately, leads to improved performance and stability of the PSCs. With the addition of SnOct2, the optimal power conversion efficiency of Sn-Pb alloyed PSCs was increased from 19.18 % to 23.12 %. The unencapsulated solar cells maintains 83 % of the initial efficiency after 1000 h of storage in N2, or 43 % of the initial efficiency after 500 h of storage in ambient atmosphere, respectively. This work presents the promising future of metalorganic Sn(II) as effective and ecofriendly additives in manufacturing Sn-based PSCs. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd
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Materials Today Energy
Year: 2025
Volume: 53
9 . 0 0 0
JCR@2023
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ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All
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