Due　to　the　scarcity　of　basin　water　resources　and　the　economic　rationality　of　using　subjects,　there　exist　interest　conflictions　among　different　water　users.　From　the　perspective　of　game　theory,　game-theory　relations　do　exist　among　water　resources　users.　Each　strategic　decision　made　by　one　water　user　will　influence　other　users＇　actions.　Based　on　the　premise　of　individual　rationality,　water　users　will　maximize　their　own　income　and　consequently　result　in　overuse　of　water　resources.　On　the　other　hand,　based　on　the　premise　of　collective　rationality,　the　cooperation　is　unstable　and　difficult　to　achieve　desired　goals.　Causes　of　the　non-cooperative　game　include:　(1)　the　division　between　river　basin　and　regional　management,　(2)　conflicts　among　river　basin　administrative　agencies,　and　(3)　the　multi-agency　of　government　administration.　Therefore,　a　new　management　system,　building　from　aspects　of　the　vertical　management　of　river　basin　and　the　horizontal　management　of　transverse　area,　is　necessary　to　guarantee　that　water　users　of　the　river　basin　follow　the　common　system　and　rules,　and　to　achieve　the　endogenous　cooperation　of　water　resources　utilization.