In　this　work,　a　novel　cellulose　aerogel　(CNC-PVAm/rGO)　was　fabricated　using　cellulose　nanocrystalline　(CNC)　modified　with　polyvinylamine　(PVAm)　and　reduced　graphene　oxide　(rGO).　The　resultant　CNC-PVAm/rGO　was　then　applied　for　the　adsorption　of　diclofenac　sodium　(DCF),　a　typical　non-steroidal　anti-inflammatory　drug.　Characterization　using　ultra-high-resolution　field　emission　scanning　electron　microscopy,　Fourier　transform　infrared　spectroscopy,　X-ray　diffraction,　X-ray　photoelectron　spectroscopy,　and　the　Brunauer-Emmett-Teller　surface　area　revealed　that　the　obtained　CNC-PVAm/rGO　displayed　an　evident　3D　porous　structure,　which　had　an　ultralight　weight,　good　recovery,　abundant　surface　functional　groups　(e.g.,　-NH2　and　-OH),　and　rGO　nano　sheets.　In　addition,　the　material　presented　a　stable　crystal　structure　and　large　specific　surface　area　(105.73　m(2)　g(-1)).　During　the　adsorption　of　DCF,　the　CNC-PVAm/rGO　aerogel　showed　a　rather　excellent　adsorption　performance,　with　a　maximum　adsorption　capacity　(qmax)　of　605.87　mg　g(-1),　which　was　approximately　53　times　larger　than　that　of　the　bare　CNC　aerogel　(11.45　mg　g(-1)).　The　adsorption　performance　of　CNC-PVAm/rGO　was　also　better　than　that　of　other　reported　adsorbents.　The　adsorption　of　DCF　to　CNC-PVAm/rGO　obeyed　the　Langmuir　isotherm　and　pseudo-second-order　kinetic　models,　and　underwent　a　spontaneous　exothermic　process.　Moreover,　DCF　was　easily　desorbed　from　CNC-PVAm/rGO　with　sodium　hydroxide　solution　(0.1　mol　L-1),　and　the　absorbent　could　be　reused　four　times.　The　introduction　of　PVAm　and　rGO　to　the　CNC-PVAm/rGO　aerogel　also　greatly　enhanced　electrostatic　interactions,　7C-7C　interactions,　and　hydrophobic　effects.　These　enhancements　significantly　promoted　the　hydrogen　bonding　interactions　between　the　DCF　molecules　and　CNC-PVAm/rGO,　thus　resulting　in　a　large　improvement　in　the　adsorption　performance　of　the　aerogel.