The　widespread　existence　of　antibiotics　has　caused　inevitable　influence　on　ecology　and　humans.　In　this　study,　we　screened　the　most　commonly　used　antibiotics,　and　64　antibiotics　were　detected　in　Shanghai,　an　international　metropolis.　Most　of　the　target　substances　were　detected　in　all　46　water　samples　including　main　rivers　and　districts　in　Shanghai,　with　concentrations　ranging　from　0.02　to　502.43　ng　L-1.　In　particular,　sulfadiazine　(502.43　ng　L-1)　had　the　highest　maximum　concentration.　Besides,　risk　quotients　based　on　fish　suggested　that　sulfonamides　had　a　medium　risk　(0.12)　in　Shanghai.　Correlation　studies　had　shown　that　most　compounds　with　frequencies　exceeding　60%　were　significantly　positively　correlated　with　the　total　concentration.　Based　on　further　analysis,　sulfadiazine,　sulfamerazine,　and　sulfapyridine　were　screened　as　indicators　to　reflect　the　pollution　status　of　antibiotics　in　Shanghai　for　a　long　time.　The　screening　conditions　for　these　indicators　include　detection　rate　(＞　60%),　maximum　concentration　(＞　100　ng　L-1),　RQ　(＞　0.01),　and　correlation　(＞　0).　In　addition,　population　density　may　be　the　main　factor　for　antibiotic　pollution　through　regional　comparison.　In　a　word,　this　work　can　systematically　reflect　the　overall　situation　of　Shanghai　antibiotics　and　provide　support　for　global　data　comparison　in　the　future.　Meanwhile,　we　provided　the　potential　indicators　that　can　be　applied　in　the　long　term　and　economical　monitoring　of　antibiotics.