Because　contaminants　and　nutrients　always　coexist　in　fish,　the　risk　from　contaminants　and　the　benefit　from　nutrients,　such　as　eicosapentaenoic　acid　(EPA)　and　docosahexaenoic　acid　(DHA)　are　also　concomitant　via　fish　consumption.　To　investigate　the　risk　and　benefit　via　fish　consumption,　concentrations　of　dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane　and　its　metabolites　(DDTs),　and　hexachlorocyclohexanes　(HCHs)　in　the　whole-　and　portion-muscles　of　fish　from　Taihu　Lake,　China,　were　measured.　Based　on　the　contaminant　data　and　nutrients　from　our　previous　study,　and　the　associated　risk　and　benefit　via　fish　consumption　were　estimated.　The　concentrations　of　DDTs　and　HCHs　in　the　whole-muscles　ranged　from　7.8　x　10(2)　to　3.4　x　10(3)　pg　g(-1)　ww,　and　from　67.3　to　300　pg　g(-1)　ww,　respectively.　Of　DDTs　and　HCHs　measured,　p,p　p＇-DDE　and　beta-HCH　were　respectively　the　most　abundant　pesticides.　The　composition　profiles　of　DDTs　and　HCHs　suggested　that　the　pesticides　were　mainly　historical　residues.　The　benefit-risk　quotient　(BRQ)　of　EPA　+DHA　vs.　POPs　(persistent　organic　pollutants　including　data　of　DDTs,　HCHs,　and　those　of　polychlorinated　biphenyls　and　polybrominated　diphenyl　ethers　cited　from　our　previous　study)　via　consumption　of　fish　from　Taihu　Lake　was　calculated.　As　a　result,　to　achieve　the　recommended　EPA+DHA　intake　of　250　mg　d(-1)　for　a　healthy　adult,　the　consumption　of　most　fish　species　from　the　lake　can　cause　cancer　and　non-cancer　risks.　However,　the　fish　consumption　at　the　rates　of　44.9　g　d(-1)　by　Chinese　would　not　lead　to　the　risks　for　most　of　the　species.　The　results　also　suggested　that　the　risk　of　consuming　silver　carp　was　generally　lower　than　other　fish　species,　and　those　of　dorsal　muscles　were　lower　than　ventral　and　tail　muscles.　(C)　2013　Elsevier　Inc.　All　rights　reserved.