Antimony　sulfide　(Sb2S3)　has　a　high　theoretical　specific　capacity　due　to　its　two　reaction　mechanisms　of　conversion　and　alloying　during　the　Li+-(de)intercalation　process,　thus　becoming　a　promising　lithium-ion　battery　(LIB)　anode　material.　However,　its　poor　inherent　conductivity　and　large　volume　expansion　during　repeated　Li+-(de)intercalation　processes　greatly　hinder　the　in-depth　development　of　Sb2S3　based　LIB　anode　materials.　Herein,　an　Sb2S3/SnO2@rGO　composite　was　prepared　by　using　an　interface　engineering　technique　involving　metal-containing　ionic　liquid　precursors,　in　which　Sb2S3/SnO2　quantum　dots　(QDs)　as　p-n　heterojunctions　are　uniformly　anchored　on　the　surface　of　reduced　graphene　oxide　(rGO).　The　p-n　heterogeneous　interface　between　Sb2S3　and　SnO2　QDs　induces　an　internal　electric　field,　promoting　the　electronic/ion　transport　during　electrochemical　reactions,　and　the　QD-sized　Sb2S3/SnO2　heterostructure　with　a　larger　surface　area　provides　more　active　sites　for　Li+-(de)intercalation　reactions.　In　addition,　the　rGO　matrix　acts　as　a　buffer　to　prevent　the　aggregation　of　active　Sb2S3　and　SnO2　QDs,　alleviate　the　volume　expansion,　and　enhance　the　conductivity　of　the　composite　during　repeated　cycles.　These　advantages　endow　the　designed　Sb2S3/SnO2@rGO　electrode　with　excellent　reaction　kinetics　and　good　long　cycling　stability.　As　an　anode　material　of　LIBs,　it　can　still　provide　a　reversible　specific　capacity　of　474　mA　h　g−1　after　2000　cycles　at　a　high　current　density　of　3.0　A　g−1,　which　is　superior　to　those　of　most　of　the　previously　reported　Sb2S3-based　carbon　materials.　The　p-n　heterostructure　construction　strategy　of　nano-metal　sulfide/metal　oxides　in　this　work　can　provide　inspiration　for　the　design　and　synthesis　of　other　advanced　energy　storage　materials.　©　2024　The　Royal　Society　of　Chemistry