Lithium/fluorinated　carbon　(Li/CFx)　batteries　are　greatly　limited　in　their　applications　mostly　due　to　poor　rate　performances.　In　this　study,　N,P　co-doped　biomass　carbon　was　synthesized　using　melamine　and　phytic　acid　as　doping　sources,　and　the　resulting　product　was　then　utilized　as　a　precursor　for　CFx.　The　resulting　fluorinated　biomass　carbon　has　a　high　degree　of　fluorination,　exceeding　the　specific　capacity　of　commercial　fluorinated　graphite　while　also　demonstrating　exceptional　performance　at　high　discharge　rates.　During　the　fluorination　process,　N,P-containing　functional　groups　were　removed　from　the　crystalline　lattice　in　the　basal　plane.　This　facilitates　the　formation　of　a　defect-rich　carbon　matrix,　enhancing　the　F/C　ratio　by　improving　the　fluorinated　active　sites　and　obtaining　more　highly　active　semi-ionic　bonds.　Additionally,　the　abundant　defects　and　porous　structure　promote　Li+　diffusion.　Density　functional　theory　calculations　indicated　that　doping　modification　effectively　reduces　the　energy　barrier　for　Li+　migration,　enhancing　Li+　transport　efficiency.　The　prepared　CFx　delivers　material　with　a　maximum　specific　capacity　of　919　mAh·g−1,　while　maintaining　a　specific　capacity　of　702　mAh·g−1　at　a　high　discharge　current　density　of　20C　(with　a　capacity　retention　rate　of　76.4%).　In　this　study,　fluorinated　N,P　co-doped　biomass　carbon,　exhibiting　ultrahigh　capacity　and　high-rate　performance,　was　prepared　for　the　first　time,　which　can　potentially　advance　the　commercialization　of　CFx.　Graphical　abstract:　(Figure　presented.)　©　Youke　Publishing　Co.,Ltd　2024.