Background:　In　recent　years,　prostatic　artery　embolization　(PAE)　has　gradually　become　a　hot　topic　in　the　treatment　of　symptomatic　benign　prostatic　hyperplasia　(BPH).　However,　there　is　an　ongoing　debate　regarding　the　best　embolization　material　for　PAE.　This　study　aimed　to　compare　the　safety　and　efficacy　of　the　temperature-sensitive　liquid　embolic　agent　(TempSLE)　combined　with　polyvinyl　alcohol　(PVA)　microspheres　and　simple　PVA　microspheres　for　PAE　in　treating　lower　urinary　tract　symptoms　(LUTS)　caused　by　BPH.　Methods:　The　clinical　data　of　39　patients　with　LUTS　caused　by　BPH　were　included　in　this　study,　including　21　cases　of　PVA　microspheres　group　and　18　cases　of　PVA　microspheres　+　TempSLE　group.　The　changes　in　various　subjective　and　objective　indexes　were　compared　between　the　two　groups　before　PAE,　1　and　3　months　after　operation.　Results:　Three　months　after　operation,　the　improvement　in　prostatic　volume　(PV),　post-void　residual　volume　(PVR),　peak　urinary　flow　rate　(Qmax),　international　prostate　symptom　score　(IPSS),　quality　of　life　(QoL)　and　total　prostate-specific　antigen　(T-PSA)　in　both　groups　were　significantly　improved　compared　with　those　before　operation　(P＜0.05).　And　the　above　clinical　improvement　indicators　at　the　3-month　mark　demonstrated　a　statistically　significant　difference　between　the　two　groups　(P＜0.05).　Compared　with　the　PVA　microspheres　group,　the　prostate　necrosis　rate　of　the　PVA　microspheres　+　TempSLE　was　higher　at　1　and　3　months　after　operation　(P＜0.05).　Moreover,　the　PVA　microspheres　+　TempSLE　group　had　no　significant　complications,　with　the　exception　of　a　single　case　of　transient　gross　hematuria　during　the　perioperative　period.　Conclusions:　The　combination　of　PVA　microspheres　and　TempSLE　for　PAE　appears　to　be　safe　and　effective　in　the　treatment　of　symptomatic　BPH　patients,　with　a　higher　degree　of　damage　to　hyperplastic　prostate　tissue　compared　to　simple　PVA　microspheres　embolization.　©　AME　Publishing　Company.