This　paper　proposes　a　novel　fault　current　limiter(NFCL)　topology　tailored　for　DC　distribution　systems,　aiming　to　improve　fault　response　speed,　system　protection　coordination,　and　recovery　capability.　The　NFCL　integrates　a　fast-acting　solid-state　switching　path　and　an　energy-absorbing　branch,　forming　a　coordinated　fault　control　mechanism　that　enables　both　transient　ride-through　and　permanent　fault　isolation.　A　hybrid　protection　strategy,　combining　voltage-differential　detection　and　directional　overcurrent　identification,　ensures　selective　response　and　enhances　protection　flexibility.　Compared　with　conventional　limiter　topologies,　the　proposed　NFCL　achieves　over　85　%　reduction　in　peak　fault　current　within　0.6　ms,　significantly　alleviating　stress　on　DC　circuit　breakers.　Experimental　tests　based　on　a　10　kV　prototype　confirm　the　NFCL＇s　fast　dynamic　performance　and　practical　applicability.　These　results　demonstrate　that　the　proposed　NFCL　offers　a　technically　innovative　and　cost-effective　approach　to　enhancing　the　reliability　and　resilience　of　future　DC　distribution　networks.