An　improved　aerobiological　virus　sampling　method　was　developed　based　on　adding　adsorptive　nanoparticles　in　samplers　for　concentrating　viruses　in　sampling　liquid　buffers.　The　objectives　of　this　research　were　to　select　effective　adsorptive　materials　and　optimize　sampling　parameters　for　increasing　recovery　of　airborne　viruses,　such　as　influenza　A　virus　or　respiratory　syndrome　virus　(RSV).　Three　kinds　of　polycation　nanoparticles　were　evaluated　for　direct　effects　on　absorption　and　desorption　of　influenza　virus　hemagglutinin　and　DNA.　Chitosan　particles　showed　good　performance　in　absorption　and　desorption　for　both　influenza　virus　hemagglutinin　and　DNA.　A　subsequent　study　evaluated　the　effects　of　collection　buffer,　pH　and　sampling　time　on　the　recovery　of　aerosolized　viruses　using　a　method　for　making　direct　comparisons　of　three　treatments.　The　results　demonstrated　that　various　components　in　air-sampling　collection　buffer,　impinger　model,　and　sampling　time,　independently　influenced　the　recovery　of　viruses.　It　was　shown　that　adsorptive　samplers　with　air　disperser　had　the　highest　levels　of　sensitivity　and　repeatability　in　virus　sampling.　Both　unspecifically　adsorptive　chitosan　particles　and　specifically　adsorptive　particles　labeled　specific　antibody　to　virus　significantly　enhanced　recovery　rate　of　aerosolized　viruses.　We　succeeded　to　sample　low　level　different　pathogen　viruses　in　outdoor　environments　with　the　optimized　sampling　system.　©　2010　T.A.G.　Grell　et　al.