The　surface　of　the　TC11　titanium　alloy　is　significantly　strengthened　through　the　ultrasonic　tumbling　process.　The　effect　of　ultrasonic　tumbling　process　parameters　on　the　microstructure　and　surface　roughness　of　a　titanium　alloy　using　multiple　techniques　are　investigated,　including　OM,　white　light　interferometry,　SEM,　EDS,　and　XRD.　The　hardness,　friction,　and　wear　properties　of　the　rolling　surface　are　analyzed　using　a　microhardness　tester　and　a　multifunctional　friction-wear　tester.　The　results　indicate　that　the　surface　roughness　of　the　titanium　alloy　decreases　initially　and　then　increases　with　an　increase　in　rolling　power,　rolling　times,　static　pressure,　reduction,　spindle　speed,　and　feed　rate.　The　lowest　value　is　achieved　with　the　following　parameters:　660　W　rolling　power,　5　rolling　times,　static　pressure　of　0.20　MPa,　reduction　of　0.15　mm,　spindle　speed　of　200　r·min−1,　and　feed　rate　of　0.10　mm·r−1.　With　an　increase　in　power,　the　surface　hardness　of　titanium　alloy　increases,　which　leads　to　a　reduction　in　friction　coefficient　and　wear　loss.　As　the　rolling　times,　static　pressure,　reduction,　spindle　speed,　and　feed　rate　increase,　the　surface　hardness　initially　increases　and　then　decreases.　Meanwhile,　the　friction　coefficient　and　wear　loss　tend　to　decrease　initially　and　then　increase.　When　the　rolling　power　is　set　to　990　W,　the　rolling　frequency　is　5　times,　the　static　pressure　is　0.20　MPa,　the　reduction　is　0.15　mm,　the　spindle　speed　is　200　r·min−1,　and　the　feed　rate　is　0.10　mm·r−1,　the　hardness　reaches　its　maximum　value,　while　the　friction　coefficient　and　wear　loss　reach　their　minimum　values.　Response　surface　optimization　was　conducted　to　obtain　the　optimal　process　parameters,　including　a　rolling　power　of　990　W,　rolling　frequency　of　5　times,　static　pressure　strength　of　0.20　MPa,　reduction　of　0.15　mm,　spindle　speed　of　198　r·min−1,　and　feed　rate　of　0.10　mm·r−1.　Compared　to　the　surface　of　the　titanium　alloy　before　rolling,　the　hardness　increased　by　36.4%　from　337　HV　to　461　HV,　the　surface　roughness　decreased　by　89.9%　from　1.88　μm　to　0.19　μm,　and　the　wear　loss　decreased　by　83.3%　from　0.60　mg　to　0.10　mg.　©　2024　Chinese　Mechanical　Engineering　Society.　All　rights　reserved.