Under　optimized　synthesis　conditions,　very　large　area　uniform　SnO2　nanofibers　consisting　of　orderly　bonded　nanoparticles　have　been　obtained　for　the　first　time　by　thermal　pyrolysis　and　oxidization　of　electrospun　tin(II)2-ethylhexanoate/polyacrylonitrile　(PAN)　polymer　nanofibers　in　air.　The　structure　and　morphology　were　elaborated　by　X-ray　diffraction　(XRD),　transmission　electron　microscopy　(TEM),　and　Xray　photoelectron　spectroscopy　(XPS).　The　SnO2　nanofibers　delivered　a　reversible　capacity　of　446　mAh　g(-1)　after　50　cycles　at　the　100　mA　g(-1)　rate　and　excellent　rate　capability　of　477.7　mAh　g(-1)　at　10.0C.　Owing　to　the　improved　electrochemical　performance,　this　electrospun　SnO2　nanofiber　could　be　one　of　the　most　promising　candidate　anode　materials　for　the　lithium-ion　battery.　(C)　2010　Elsevier　Ltd.　All　rights　reserved.